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BioAgent Export

Some biological agents are regulated for export and may not be exported to denied parties (restricted persons), for prohibited end-uses (e.g., biological weapons), or to sanctioned countries. Please review UF’s Export Control page for more information. If you intend to ship any items listed on this page, email exportcontrol@research.ufl.edu with the name of the institution, location (city and country), and name of the end-user(s) that the material will be exported to. Items may be shipped only for legitimate scientific or clinical purposes.

If you plan to ship any materials (even items not listed below) to Cuba, Iran, Sudan, Syria, or North Korea, please contact the Export Control Office first. While many of the items on the Commerce Control List are select agents, those preceded by an asterisk (*) are not, but still require an export permit.

Bioagents Listed on the Commerce Control List

This list is subject to change (Current as of February 22, 2023).

Human and Animal Pathogens and Toxins (ECCN 1C351)
Viruses
  1. African horse sickness virus
  2. African swine fever virus
  3. *Andes virus
  4. Avian influenza (AI) viruses identified as having high pathogenicity (HP), as follows:
  5. AI viruses that have an intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) in 6-week old chickens >1.2 or
  6. AI viruses that cause at least 75% mortality in 4- to 8-week old chickens infected IV.
  7. Note: Avian influenza viruses of the H5 or H7 subtype that do not have either of the characteristics described above should be sequenced to determine whether multiple basic amino acids are present at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule (HAO). If the amino acid motif is similar to that observed for other HPAI isolates, then the isolate being tested should be considered HPAI and the virus is controlled for export.
  8. *Blue tongue virus
  9. Chapare virus
  10. *Chikungunya virus
  11. *Choclo virus
  12. Classical swine fever (Hog cholera virus)
  13. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
  14. *Dobrava-Belgrade virus
  15. Eastern equine encephalitis virus
  16. Ebola virus (including all members of the Ebolavirusgenus)
  17. Foot-and-mouth disease virus
  18. Goat pox virus
  19. Guanarito virus
  20. *Hantaan virus
  21. Hendra virus (Equine morbillivirus)
  22. *Japanese encephalitis virus
  23. Junin virus
  24. Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  25. *Laguna Negra virus
  26. Lassa fever virus
  27. *Louping ill virus
  28. Lujo virus
  29. Lumpy skin disease virus
  30. *Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
  31. Machupo virus
  32. Marburg virus (including all members of the Marburgvirusgenus)
  33. Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-related coronavirus)
  34. Monkeypox virus
  35. *Murray Valley encephalitis virus
  36. Newcastle disease virus
  37. Nipah virus
  38. Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus
  39. *Oropouche virus
  40. Peste des petits ruminants virus
  41. *Porcine Teschovirus
  42. *Powassan virus
  43. *Rabies virus and all other members of the Lyssavirusgenus
  44. 1918 pandemic influenza virus – reconstructed replication competent forms containing any portion of the coding regions of all 8 gene segments.
  45. Rift Valley fever virus
  46. Rinderpest virus
  47. *Rocio virus
  48. Sabia virus
  49. *Seoul virus
  50. SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV). As per BIS guidance, SARS-CoV-2is not subject to export control regulations.
  51. Sheep pox virus
  52. *Sin Nombre virus
  53. *St. Louis encephalitis virus
  54. *Suid Herpesvirus 1 (Pseudorabies virus; Aujeszky’s disease)
  55. Swine vesicular disease virus
  56. Tickborne encephalitis virus (Far eastern subtype, formerly Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis virus). Tickborne encephalitis virus (Siberian subtype, formerly West Siberian virus)
  57. Variola virus
  58. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
  59. *Vesicular stomatitis virus
  60. *Western equine encephalitis virus
  61. *Yellow fever virus
Bacterial and Rickettsial Agents
  1. Bacillus anthracis
  2. Brucella abortus
  3. Brucella melitensis
  4. Brucella suis
  5. Burkholderia mallei (formerlyPseudomonas mallei)
  6. Burkholderia pseudomallei (formerlyPseudomonas pseudomallei)
  7. *Chlamydia psittaci (formerly Chlamydophila psittaci)
  8. Clostridium argentinense (formerlyClostridium botulinum Type G), botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
  9. Clostridium baratii, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
  10. Clostridium botulinum
  11. Clostridium butyricum, botulinum neurotoxin producing strains
  12. *Clostridium perfringens,epsilon toxin producing types
  13. Coxiella burnetii
  14. Francisella tularensis
  15. Mycoplasma capricolum subspeciescapripneumoniae (“strain F38”)
  16. Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (small colony, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia)
  17. Rickettsia prowazekii
  18. *Salmonella entericasubspecies enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella Typhi)
  19. *Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli(STEC) of serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, O157 and other Shiga toxin producing serogroups (STEC strains include, among others, enterohemorrhagic  coli (EHEC) and verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC).
  20. *Shigella dysenteriae
  21. *Vibrio cholerae
  22. Yersinia pestis
Biological Toxins and Subunits Thereof
  1. Abrin
  2. *Aflatoxins
  3. Botulinum toxins
  4. *Brevetoxins
  5. *Clostridium perfringens alpha, beta 1, beta 2, epsilon and iota toxins
  6. Conotoxin
  7. Diacetoxyscirpenol toxin
  8. *Gonyautoxins
  9. *HT-2 toxin
  10. *Microcystin (Cyanginosins)
  11. *Modeccin toxin
  12. *Nodularins
  13. *Palytoxin
  14. Ricin$
  15. Saxitoxin#$
  16. *Shiga toxin (shiga-like toxins, verotoxins, and verocytotoxins)
  17. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, hemolysin alpha toxin, and toxic shock syndrome toxin (formerly Staphylococcus enterotoxin F)
  18. T-2 toxin
  19. Tetrodotoxin
  20. *Viscumin (Viscum album lectin 1)
  21. *Volkensin toxin
Fungi
  1. *Coccidioides immitis
  2. *Coccidioides posadasii
Plant Pathogens (ECCN 1C354)
Bacteria
  1. *Clavibacter michiganensissubspecies sepedonicus (Corynebacterium michiganensis subspecies sepedonicum or Corynebacterium sepedonicum)
  2. Ralstonia solanacearum, race 3, biovar 2
  3. Rathayibacter toxicus
  4. *Xanthomonas albilineans
  5. *Xanthomonas axonopodiscitri (Xanthomonas campestris citri A) (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri)
  6. Xanthomonas oryzae
Fungi
  1. *Cochliobolus miyabeanus(Helminthosporium oryzae)
  2. *Colletotrichium kahawae(Colletotrichium coffeanum virulans)
  3. *Magnaporthe oryzae(Pyricularia oryzae)
  4. *Microcyclus ulei(Dothidella ulei)
  5. Peronosclerospora philippinensis(Peronosclerospora sacchari)
  6. Phoma glycinicola(formerly Pyrenochaeta glycines)
  7. *Puccinia graminisgraminis graminis / Puccina graminis ssp. graminis car. stakmanii (Puccinia graminis [syn. Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici])
  8. *Puccinia striiformis(Puccinia glumarum)
  9. Sclerophthora rayssiaezeae
  10. Synchytrium endobioticum
  11. *Thecaphora solani
  12. *Tilletia indica
Viruses
  1. *Andean potato latent virus (Potato Andean latent tymovirus)
  2. *Potato spindle tuber viroid
Genetic Elements and Genetically Modified Organisms (ECCN 1C353)
Any genetically modified organism that contains, or any genetic element that codes for, any of the following:

  1. Any gene, genes, translated product or translated products specific to any virus controlled by 1C351.a or .b or 1C354.c
  2. Any gene or genes specific to any bacterium controlled by 1C351.c or 1C354.a or any fungus controlled by 1C351.e or 1C354.b and which:
    1. In itself or through its transcribed or translated products represents a significant hazard to human, animal, or plant health.
    2. Could endow or enhance pathogenicity.
  3. Any toxins, or their sub units, controlled by 1C351.d
Technical Notes
  1. “Genetically modified organisms” include organisms in which the nucleic acid sequences have been created or altered by deliberate molecular manipulation.
  2. “Genetic elements” include, inter alia, chromosomes, genomes, plasmids, transposons, vectors, and inactivated organisms containing recoverable nucleic acid fragments, whether genetically modified or unmodified, or chemically synthesized in whole or in part. Nucleic acids from an inactivated organism are considered to be “recoverable” if the inactivation and preparation of the material is intended or known to facilitate isolation, purification, amplification, detection, or identification of nucleic acids.
  3. This ECCN does not control nucleic acid sequences of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coliof serogroups O26, O45, O103, O104, O111, O121, O145, O157 and other shiga toxin producing serogroups, other than those genetic elements coding for shiga toxin, or for its subunits
  4. “Endow or enhance pathogenicity” is defined as when the insertion or integration of the nucleic acid sequence or sequences is/are likely to enable or increase a recipient organism’s ability to be used to deliberately cause disease or death. This might include alterations to, inter alia: virulence, transmissibility, stability, route of infection, host range, reproducibility, ability to evade or suppress host immunity, resistance to medical countermeasures, or detectability.
Vaccines, immunotoxins, medical products, diagnostic and food testing kits, as follows (1C991)
List of Items Controlled:

  1. Vaccines against items controlled by ECCN 1C351, 1C353 or 1C354
  2. Immunotoxins containing items controlled by 1C351.d
  3. Medical products containing botulinum toxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.3 or conotoxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.6
  4. Medical products containing items controlled by ECCN 1C351.d (except botulinum toxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.3, conotoxins controlled by ECCN 1C351.d.6, and items controlled for CW reasons under 1C351.d.11 or .d.12)
  5. Diagnostic and food testing kits containing items controlled by ECCN 1C351.d (except items controlled for CW reasons under ECCN 1C351.d.11 or d.12)
International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)
US State Department Regulations, Part 121, The US Munitions List, control the export of biological materials regulated as “defense articles”. See Category XIV: Toxicological Agents including Chemical, Biological Agents, and Associated Equipment . MULTIPLE Export Controls, INCLUDING a License will be required to export, use, or possess the following:

(b) Biological agents and biologically derived substances specifically developed, configured, adapted, or modified for the purpose of increasing their capability to produce casualties in humans or livestock, degrade equipment or damage crops.

(f) Equipment and its components, parts, accessories, and attachments specifically designed or modified for military operations and compatibility with military equipment as follows:

  • The dissemination, dispersion or testing of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
  • The detection, identification, warning or monitoring of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
  • Sample collection and processing of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
  • Individual protection against the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
  • Collective protection against the biological agents listed in paragraph (b);
  • Decontamination or remediation of the biological agents listed in paragraph (b).

Additional items associated with, or specific to, the biological agents listed in paragraph (b) are also controlled under the ITAR including medical countermeasures (pre- and post-treatments, vaccines, antidotes, medical diagnostics); modeling or simulation tools; equipment, components, parts, accessories and attachments, exclusive of incinerators specifically designed/modified for the destruction of biological agents in paragraph (b); technical data and defense services.